EMT Practice Test

1. Question Content...

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Question1: One of the methods of testing a Measurement System is to have at least two people take multiple readings from the same instrument and of the same sample set to judge the Repeatability and Reproducibly. This approach is called a ______________ study.

Question2: A Full Factorial experiment using a 2 level 4 factor approach has been proposed to test the viability of an extrusion machine experiment. How many treatment combinations will this approach involve?

Question3: How many experimental runs exist in a Full Factorial and fully randomized design for 5 factors with 2 replicates for the Corner Points and no Center Points? The factors in the experiment are only at 2-levels.

Question4: In a good Measurement System the most variation will be with part-to-part measurements. What should you do if the majority of variation is associated with the Gage R&R assuming the gage is technically capable?

Question5: When one speaks of 20% of something contributing 80% of the affect they are referring to what is known as the _________________.

Question6: If a process has subgroups for Variable data and the process runs for a long period of time, then the best pair of SPC Charts to use would be an Xbar and _________.

Question7: Two of the key deliverables for the Measure Phase are a robust description of the process and its flow and an assessment of the Management System.

Question8: When analyzing the behavior of our process to assess customer satisfaction we are concerned about both the variation such that it stays within the spec limits and how well the Mean is __________________ the process requirements.

Question9: For Attribute Data, Process Capability is defined as the average proportion of nonconforming products.

Question10: For a Normal Distribution as samples size increases the Range in Mean and Standard Deviation decrease relative to the Mean and Standard Deviation of the population.

Question11: A Belt has determined that the inventory of repair parts at a rework station can be reduced by 45%.
According to Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ) definitions inventory reduction would be considered
_______________.

Question12: If an experiment has 5 factors and no replicates for a 2-level Experimental Design with 16 experimental runs which statement(s) are correct? (Note: There are 3 correct answers).

Question13: Which of these graphs demonstrates conditions which would be sufficient to enable OCAP for the process?

Question14: Measurement __________ is defined as the difference between the observed and the expected values for a given set of data.

Question15: Since Normality is required if we intend to use the data collected as a predictive tool. To test for Normality of data we must determine if the P-value is ___________.

Question16: Six Sigma is a business improvement discipline whose fundamental view is based on a _________ oriented approach of the business.

Question17: Measurement __________ is defined as the difference between the observed and the expected values for a given set of data.

Question18: Using this partial Z Table, how many units from a month's production run are expected to not satisfy customer requirements for the following process?
Upper specification limit: 7.2 Lower specification limit: 4.3 Mean of the process: 5.9 Standard Deviation:
0.65 Monthly production: 450 units

Question19: To establish a sample size that will allow the proper overlap of distributions we do which of these?

Question20: If a Six Sigma project was to reduce changeover times and the team found the project success was decreasing over time since changeover times began to creep back up, which Lean tools should be considered in the Control Phase to reestablish and sustain the project success?

Question21: The Greek letter "sigma" is used by mathematicians to signify _____________.

Question22: Accuracy can be assessed in several ways and a fairly accurate means of measurement is visual comparison.

Question23: In a Fishbone Diagram the 6M's stand for Methods, ____________, Machine, Man, Mother Nature and Materials.

Question24: When a Belt implements an improvement that is automated thus requiring no particular understanding for use he has applied which Lean tool?

Question25: Appropriate measures mean that measurements are ______________.

Question26: When we gather information for the Voice of the Business we are primarily interested in information concerning the _____________ of the business.

Question27: Calculate the Rolled Throughput Yield of this process using this data.
Data: unit input: 1215, unit output: 1180, defects repaired: 184, scrap: 42

Question28: One of the foundations of Lean Six Sigma is the concept that the output of a process (Y) is influenced by the process inputs (X's) and is commonly shown as which formula?

Question29: What is the Ppk of a process with a spread of 24 units, an average of 68, an upper limit of 82 and a lower limit of 54?

Question30: When one speaks of 20% of something contributing 80% of the affect they are referring to what is known as the _________________.

Question31: The Central Limit Theorem says that as the sample size becomes large the sample Mean distribution will form a Normal Distribution, ____________________.

Question32: Which of these are examples of business metrics or Key Performance Indicators commonly referred to as KPI's?

Question33: Much of the Six Sigma methodology is used to identify and remove causes for _____________.

Question34: As a means of measuring the effects on other areas of a process as a result of changes in the primary metric we also define and track ________________.

Question35: The distance between the Mean of a data set and the Point of Inflection on a Normal curve is called the
_______________.

Question36: For a Kanban to be successful which of these must occur?

Question37: Of the various types of data shown which is NOT representative of Variable Data.

Question38: SPC Charts are used extensively in different business and decision-making environments. In this example a vendor is being selected based on speed of delivery. Which of the conclusions would help you pick a vendor for your needs regarding lead-time of delivery from your vendors? (Note: There are 4 correct answers).

Question39: The class score distribution of schools in a metropolitan area is shown here along with an analysis output.
Comment on the statistical significance between the Means of the two distributions. Select the most appropriate statement.

Question40: When conducting a Hypothesis Test using Continuous Data the proper sample size is influenced by the extent to which we need to assess a Difference to be detected and the inherent variation in the process.

Question41: Using this partial Z Table, how many units from a month's production run are expected to not satisfy customer requirements for the following process?
Upper specification limit: 8.4 Lower specification limit: 4.7 Mean of the process: 6.2 Standard Deviation: 2.2 Monthly production: 360 units

Question42: The Normal Distribution is considered to be the most important distribution in statistics and, among other things is defined as having a total area under the curve of 1, is mounded and symmetrical and the Mean, Median and Mode are _____________.

Question43: Time is always the metric on the horizontal scale of a(n) ___________ Chart.

Question44: Which Element of Waste best describes "the unnecessary movement of materials and goods"?

Question45: Customers make their decisions based on Features, Integrity (of the seller) Delivery and ___________?

Question46: Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ) can be classified as Visible Costs and Hidden Costs. All these items are Hidden Cost except __________________.

Question47: Fractional Factorial designs are used to reduce the time and cost of experiments because the
____________ has been lowered.

Question48: Which statements are correct about the advanced Capability Analysis shown here? (Note: There are 3 correct answers).

Question49: Range Charts are the technique used to determine if ______________ are occurring within the subgroups of the SPC Charts.

Question50: For a batch manufacturing process, while assessing short term process variation, which variation category (ies) should one need to focus on? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).

Question51: When variation is removed from the output of a process then the process customer can have more confidence in the experience that results from the process.

Question52: What dollar amount of savings would a project show if it reduced your outstanding Accounts Receivable by
$0.9 million dollars to $3.5 million total and your organization's marginal cost of capital was 5.7%?

Question53: As a means of measuring the effects on other areas of a process as a result of changes in the primary metric we also define and track ________________.

Question54: A statistical test or Hypothesis Test is performed to reject or fail to reject a stated hypothesis and it converts the Practical Problem into a Statistical Problem.

Question55: Which Experimental Design typically is most associated with the fewest number of input variables or factors in the design?

Question56: To be an effective Lean Six Sigma practitioner one must understand the difference between
___________________________.

Question57: A Belt rearranged the location of the parts inventory for a rework station locating the most often used parts to be within hand reach of the repair person. This rearrangement resulted in quicker repair times by eliminating one of seven major elements of waste which is the Waste of __________.

Question58: Following process modifications, the Null Hypothesis states that no improvement to the process has occurred. If we discover the Null Hypothesis Test was rejected when it was false, that would be a(n)
________________________.

Question59: The two types of data that are to be used in Statistical Analysis are Attribute and Variance.

Question60: Which of these items are not part of what is necessary for successful Kaizens?

Question61: Following the completion of a LSS project the Belt not only creates a Control Plan he also develops a
_____________ so those involved in the process know what to do when the critical metrics move out of spec.

Question62: The reported Cpk for a process with an average of 98 units, a spread of 16 units and upper and lower specification limits of 115 and 90 units would be?

Question63: Using this data calculate the percentage of DPU.
Data: 763 defects, 18,000 units.

Question64: If in an experiment all possible variable pairs sum to zero the design is Orthogonal.

Question65: Which statement(s) are incorrect for the Regression Analysis shown here? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).

Question66: Common and Special Cause ______________ are the focus of Statistical Process Control.

Question67: A ___________ problem in the Measurement System suggests that there is a lack of consistency in the measurement over time.

Question68: An operator checks that all boxes being packed contain enough products to fill the box. However, each box getting filled has a different number of products in it. This is a Reproducibility problem, not a Repeatability problem.

Question69: Early in a project a Belt will want to begin to identify and evaluate risk factors for the subject process and will therefore begin building a(n) ______________.

Question70: Some of the sources for different types of error that can be quantified using Statistical Analysis are
__________________.

Question71: One of the foundations of Lean Six Sigma is the concept that the output of a process (Y) is influenced by the process inputs (X's) and is commonly shown as which formula?

Question72: For a Normal Distribution as samples size increases the Range in Mean and Standard Deviation decrease relative to the Mean and Standard Deviation of the population.

Question73: With Measurement System Analysis we are concerned with two issues that impact the potential variability of the data. They are ____________ and Accuracy.

Question74: The Hardware Store ordered ten lawn mower from the manufacturer and just before shipping the manufacturer found one to have a motor that wouldn't start. For the manufacturer this would be categorized as what type of cost?

Question75: If the production is for higher volume and monitoring and the Mean and variability is to be monitored for four machines producing product and the characteristic to be monitored is Variable Data, which SPC Chart is best to be selected?

Question76: What dollar amount of savings would a project show if it reduced your outstanding Accounts Receivable by
$1.4 million dollars to $5.3 million total and your organization's marginal cost of capital was 6.2%?

Question77: Data that can be measured on a continuum and has meaningful decimal subdivisions are __________ data.

Question78: An operator is measuring the distance between two points. Which is most likely to be influenced by the operator?

Question79: Which one of the listed tools is frequently used to help drill down to possible causes once a Fishbone Diagram is constructed?

Question80: Which of these are examples of business metrics or Key Performance Indicators commonly referred to as KPI's?

Question81: A Factorial Experiment based on a Level 2 Design with 4 factors would require 16 runs to fully assess the interactions.

Question82: Production Line 1 is able to complete 500 units per shift. Production Line 2 is able to finish 1,500 units per shift. Production Line 2 is 3 times faster than Production Line 1. This analysis is an example of
______________ Scale Data.

Question83: Fractional Factorial Designs are used to analyze factors to model the output as a function of inputs if Hypothesis Testing in the Analyze Phase was inadequate to sufficiently narrow the factors that significantly impact the output(s).

Question84: On a _________________ Belt screens variables, or various inputs, to analyze their relative impact on the output of concern.

Question85: When a Belt creates a Process Map she will use a __________________ to depict a decision point requiring a Yes or No decision.

Question86: Which item(s) listed would impact the Process Capability for a process with a continuous output? (Note:
There are 4 correct answers).

Question87: Which statement(s) are correct about the Pareto Chart shown here for the DOE analysis? (Note: There are
2 correct answers).

Question88: Use this data to calculate the Z Score. Average of: 92, Standard Deviation: 2, Upper Spec Limit: 101

Question89: When the Inputs, X's, for your process are Normally Distributed about the Mean, the Outputs, Y's, will be Normally Distributed.

Question90: What is the Ppk of a process with a spread of 24 units, an average of 68, an upper limit of 82 and a lower limit of 54?

Question91: The Control Limits width varies if the sample size varies for which type of chart?

Question92: For Attribute Data, Process Capability is defined as the average proportion of nonconforming products.

Question93: Which statements are correct about the advanced Capability Analysis shown here? (Note: There are 3 correct answers).

Question94: The validity of the decision made with Hypothesis Testing is dependent upon all of these except
__________________.

Question95: Accuracy can be assessed in several ways and a fairly accurate means of measurement is visual comparison.

Question96: Sally bought a blender from her local appliance store. When she changed blades the blender would not function. For the manufacturer this would be categorized as what type of cost?

Question97: The most appropriate type of FMEA for a product before going into manufacturing is a ___________ FMEA.

Question98: "A calculated time frame that matches customer demand" is a definition of what Lean Principles term?

Question99: Situations where standardizedwork needs to be incorporated include all of these except
_____________________.

Question100: Handling of warranty returns, process improvement team meetings and rework to meet customer expectations are all examples of business costs that are classified as ________________.

Question101: A Belt has determined that the inventory of repair parts at a rework station can be reduced by 45%.
According to Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ) definitions inventory reduction would be considered
_______________.

Question102: The distance between the Mean of a data set and the Point of Inflection on a Normal curve is called the
_______________.

Question103: All the data points that represent the total set of information of interest is called the ________________.

Question104: Screening experiments are the proper choice when a Belt is faced with the situation of highly Fractional Factorial Designs.

Question105: Fractional Factorial, ____________and Response Surface Method are types of planned experiments.

Question106: Time is always the metric on the horizontal scale of a(n) ___________ Chart.

Question107: The validity of the decision made with Hypothesis Testing is dependent upon all of the following except
______________________.

Question108: "A calculated time frame that matches customer demand" is a definition of what Lean Principles term?

Question109: Special Cause Variation falls into which two categories? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).

Question110: The reported Cpk for a process with an average of 104 units, a spread of 18 units and upper and lower specification limits of 122 and 96 units would be?

Question111: To properly analyze the variables impacting the output of a process we need to collect data that represents at least 80% of the variation in the process and assure ourselves we are collecting data from all three types of variation which are _______________.

Question112: One of the primary deliverables from performing a SIPOC is to begin to understand which inputs have the greatest effect on the ______________ outputs.

Question113: The class score distribution of schools in a metropolitan area is shown here along with an analysis output.
Comment on the statistical significance between the Means of the two distributions. Select the most appropriate statement.

Question114: A fundamental rule is that both Standard Deviation and Variance can be added.

Question115: The primary objective in removal of waste is to improve the Order Production Cycle where the time from
_________________ to the time of receipt of payment is compressed.

Question116: For her injection molding project a Belt needed to track the percentage of defectives of a particular sample set so she used a ___________ to display the data?

Question117: When conducting a Hypothesis Test using Continuous Data the proper sample size is influenced only by the extent to which we need to assess a Difference to be detected but not the inherent variation in the process.

Question118: A valuable tool to use during the Measure Phase to show material and information flow throughout an entire process is the ______________.

Question119: Relative to a Design of Experiments the term Collinear refers to variables being a ________________ of each other.

Question120: Some of the sources for different types of error that can be quantified using Statistical Analysis are which of these?

Question121: Which statement(s) are incorrect about Fractional Factorial Designs?

Question122: From this list select the best example of Bias in Sampling.

Question123: Statistical Difference is the magnitude of difference or change required to distinguish between a true difference, brought about by change or improvement, and one that could have occurred by chance.

Question124: Customers make their decisions based on Features, Integrity (of the seller) Delivery and ___________?

Question125: A(n) ________________ has occurred when two inputs have a greater impact on a change in the output than either of the inputs has by itself.

Question126: When we compare short-term and long-term Capability which of these is true?

Question127: If you can Poka-Yoke a defect out of the process entirely then you do not need use SPC on the characteristic of interest in the defect.

Question128: A Belt is analyzing data and upon creation of the graphical analysis sees multiple modes. One of the primary reasons this could occur is because the process has experienced a ____________________.

Question129: An operator is measuring the distance between two points. Which is most likely to be influenced by the operator?

Question130: A ___________ is used primarily to track the stability of the average value of a metric of interest.

Question131: Which of these elements are not included in Implementation plans?

Question132: Calculate the Rolled Throughput Yield of this process using this data.
Data. unit input: 1450, unit output: 1390, defects repaired. 320, scrap: 60

Question133: When variation is removed from the output of a process then the process customer can have more confidence in the experience that results from the process.

Question134: Appropriate measures mean that measurements are ______________.

Question135: The _______ is the most frequently occurring value in a distribution of data.

Question136: An example of the waste of mismanaged Inventory is __________.

Question137: To be an effective Lean Six Sigma practitioner one must understand the difference between
___________________________.

Question138: The Japanese born function of a Kanban event utilizes a specific, step-by-step approach meant to bring about major changes to a process.

Question139: In a good Measurement System the most variation will be with part-to-part measurements. What should you do if the majority of variation is associated with the Gage R&R assuming the gage is technically capable?

Question140: Kanban establishes a means of monitoring production, conveyance and delivery information such that efficient flow is established. The method used by Kanban is to require a _________ before anything moves.

Question141: A Process Map is created in order that a Belt can __________________.

Question142: Using this data calculate the percentage of DPU.

Question143: What aspects of Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) studies are applicable when the process used to measure does not damage the part?

Question144: At the very initiation of a project a Belt must develop a concise _______________ that states at a high level the area of concern and why it is important this issue be improved.

Question145: Those people who have an interest in the outputs of a process are known as _____________________.

Question146: The Lean toolbox includes all of the following items except __________.

Question147: Which statement(s) are correct about the Factorial Plot shown here? (Note: There are 3 correct answers).

Question148: What aspects of Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) studies are applicable when the process used to measure does not damage the part?

Question149: When we compare short-term and long-term Capability which of these is true?

Question150: From the variance F-test shown above, which of these conclusions is/are valid?

Question151: An operator checks that all boxes being packed contain enough products to fill the box. However, each box getting filled has a different number of products in it. This is a Reproducibility problem, not a Repeatability problem.

Question152: A ___________ problem in the Measurement System suggests that there is a lack of consistency in the measurement over time.

Question153: Control Charts were developed by Dr. Shewhart to track data over time. To detect Special Cause variation the Control Charts use which of these?

Question154: From the variance F-test shown above, which of these conclusions is/are valid?

Question155: A natural logarithmic base is not required for which of these distributions for probability calculations?

Question156: The English words used for the 5S's are Sorting, Straightening, _____________, __________ and Sustaining. (Note: There are 2 correct answers).

Question157: Which of the items listed do not define what an X-Y Diagram is?

Question158: If a Belt needed to model the data for the number of weaves in section of carpet fabric she would use the
_____________ Distribution approach.

Question159: Statistical Difference is the magnitude of difference or change required to distinguish between a true difference, brought about by change or improvement, and one that could have occurred by chance.

Question160: A dock worker for a feed supplier was tasked with assuring the proper weight in the feed bags as they left the dock. One of the columns listed the range of weight of the bags included in the studies. This required plotting a Histogram of the weight of the bags. While drawing the Histogram the x-axis contained a certain scale of data. Pick the scale of data that is appropriate for Histograms.

Question161: On a _________________ one can see a pattern from the graphed points such that conclusions can be drawn about the largest family of Variation.

Question162: A statistical test or Hypothesis Test is performed to reject or fail to reject a stated hypothesis and it converts the Practical Problem into a Statistical Problem.

Question163: Kaizens or Kaikakus and Six Sigma projects are intended to create breakthrough, significant process improvement versus minor, incremental improvements.

Question164: The method of Steepest Ascent guides you toward a target inside the original inference space.

Question165: When the Inputs, X's, for your process are Normally Distributed about the Mean, the Outputs, Y's, will always be Normally Distributed.

Question166: Each of the items listed would impact the Process Capability for a process with a continuous output except
___________________.

Question167: Questions that can be best answered by a Visual Factory include all of these except
_____________________.

Question168: With Measurement System Analysis we are concerned with two issues that impact the potential variability of the data. They are _____________________.

Question169: Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ) can be classified as Visible Costs and Hidden Costs. Which of these items is a Visible Cost?